Study guide
KIN146FinalNotes
- Cours
- Établissement
Final exam notes for KIN 146
[Montrer plus]
Vendeur
S'abonner
Pteris_Opistognathus.aurifrons
Aperçu du contenu
Kin146 – final notesProteins are the second most abundant component of plants and animals
- Found in meat, fish, milk, dried beans, peanuts, nuts, seeds, and some vegetables
Proteins are made of amino acids
- 20 total but 9 are essential
o Essential amino acids; can’t be synthesized by body
Tyrosine is made up of phenylalanine
Cysteine is made up of methionine
- Protein synthesis occurs from DNA, mRNA, and tRNA
o AA’s are taken up by rRNA and turned on by hor emones and signalling
molecules
Structure: 20200 proteins can be made
- Primary: dipeptide
Protein denaturation;
- Occurs due to pH, heat, alcohol, oxidation, or mechanical agitation
o Eggs (ovatransferrin, ovalbumin denature at higher heat to become firm and make
“bubbles” due to mechanical agitation)
Protein functions
- Mechanical;
o Collagen; provides structure to tissues
o Biomolecular motors; harness energy for body
- Enzymes;
o Catalyze chemical reactions
- Hormones;
o Insulin, TSH, leptin
- Immune function
o Antibodies and blood proteins neutralize antigen actions
- Fluid balance
o Albumin and globulins in the blood are to big to leave CV system common
sign of protein malnutrition
- Acid-base balance
o Normal pH of 7.4 blood proteins can bind to alkaline atoms/molecules to
buffer an acidic pH
- Transport functions
o Lipoproteins are used in transport
- Energy
, o Oxidative deamination, formation of glucose, converting excess protein to fatty
acids
Protein digestion:
- Begins in stomach; protein is denatured by HCl (pH: 0.8) pepsin breaks down proteins
further to be digested (pH: 2.5)
- Small intestine; amino acids and dipeptides enter
o Proteases catalyze large to small peptides
o Trypsin/chymotrypsin (pancreas); catalyze large to small peptides
o Peptidases (intestinal wall); catalyzes tri-, and di-peptides into amino acids
- Duodenum and jejunum; facilitated diffusion via membrane proteins or active transport
brings in Na+ and amino acids
o Downside is too many of one AA will cause saturation and restrict essential AA
absorption
- AA’s are stored as protein or metabolized
o AA supplements not needed, just add a bit of energy
Can interfere w/absorption
Excess AA excess protein that enters urea cycle (dehydration) or is
converted to fat
Recommended RDA for 15-18-year-old females is 0.8 grams/kg of body mass, while 1.2-1.8g/kg
of body mass for stretch athletes (1.2-1.5g/kg of body mass for endurance athletes)
- Increased protein consumption is needed for pregnancy, illness, surgery, or burns
o Strength athletes: protein synthesis
o Endurance athletes: energy substrate in long distance
High quality protein; provides all essential AA’s, provides enough amino acids to serve as
nitrogen sources to synthesize non-essential amino acids, and are easy to digest and absorb
- Animal and plant-based foods
o Plant-based proteins are considered complementary (some are low-quality)
Combining plant-based foods to achieve adequate amino acid digestion
and absorption
o Combine grains and legumes OR legumes and nuts/seeds
Soybean-based foods
- Low saturated fat and no cholesterol
o Genistein (CCG and O)
Inhibits cancer cell growth and prevents oxidation (plaque forming)
o Phytoestrogens (CVD and osteoporosis in women)
Les avantages d'acheter des résumés chez Stuvia:
Qualité garantie par les avis des clients
Les clients de Stuvia ont évalués plus de 700 000 résumés. C'est comme ça que vous savez que vous achetez les meilleurs documents.
L’achat facile et rapide
Vous pouvez payer rapidement avec iDeal, carte de crédit ou Stuvia-crédit pour les résumés. Il n'y a pas d'adhésion nécessaire.
Focus sur l’essentiel
Vos camarades écrivent eux-mêmes les notes d’étude, c’est pourquoi les documents sont toujours fiables et à jour. Cela garantit que vous arrivez rapidement au coeur du matériel.
Foire aux questions
Qu'est-ce que j'obtiens en achetant ce document ?
Vous obtenez un PDF, disponible immédiatement après votre achat. Le document acheté est accessible à tout moment, n'importe où et indéfiniment via votre profil.
Garantie de remboursement : comment ça marche ?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Auprès de qui est-ce que j'achète ce résumé ?
Stuvia est une place de marché. Alors, vous n'achetez donc pas ce document chez nous, mais auprès du vendeur Pteris_Opistognathus.aurifrons. Stuvia facilite les paiements au vendeur.
Est-ce que j'aurai un abonnement?
Non, vous n'achetez ce résumé que pour CA$13.39. Vous n'êtes lié à rien après votre achat.
Peut-on faire confiance à Stuvia ?
4.6 étoiles sur Google & Trustpilot (+1000 avis)
9 résumés ont été vendus ces 30 derniers jours
Fondée en 2010, la référence pour acheter des résumés depuis déjà 15 ans