Class notes
Geography 113 Lecture Notes 1-13
- Course
- Geography 113 (GEOGRAPHY113)
- Institution
- University Of California, Los Angeles
GEOGRAPHY 113 Humid Tropics Lecture notes for the entire quarter
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Lecture 1 Introduction to TropicsTuesday, March 31, 2015 15:36
Midterm
• Thursday Week 5
• Short answer
• Ids of species (corals and fish....ect) by common name
*Botanical garden trip Week 6*
Final
• Last day of class on Thursday
• PROJECT
○ Build online portfolio
○ Biodiversity inventory
○ Hawaii theme
Fieldtrip
• Aquarium of the Pacific (Long Beach)
• Anytime before Midterm
• Turn in ticket before midterm
Quick Notes Page 1
, Lecture 2 Climate in the Tropics
Thursday, April 2, 2015 4:02 PM
Coral Reefs
- Visiting helps conserve reefs
- Earth
o Greeks knew that the earth was round
Measured circumference of the earth
Cloud position and size hints at earth being round
North star moves based on location
- Aristotle divided earth into 3 regions
o
Tropics
- Cancer 23.2 degrees N
- Capricorn 23.2 degrees S
Solstice: over the tropics of cancer (summer)/Capricorn (winter)
- Summer
- Winter
Equinox: over the equator
- Spring
- Fall
*Thailand & Saudi Arabia are the only countries that have never been took over by a foreign power
Page 3. Pangea broke apart and formed islands that evolved to the tropics. Up to 50 million years ago South America and India was an island. Islands increase biodivers
of species (increase speciation).
- Types of islands by formation
Continental Islands (due to sea level change) Pangea Island (broke off continents) Oceanic Islands
Indonesia Madagascar Hawaii (volcanoes)
New Guinea New Zealand Easter Island (volcanoes)
Trinidad New Caledwin French Polynesia (volcanoes)
Bahamas (coral islands)
Pleistocene Ice Age
- Cooler & Drier
- Rainforests shrunk
- Savannah expanding
Climate in Tropics
- Low pressure
Quick Notes Page 2
,- Low pressure
o Wet weather (raining)
- High pressure
o Dry & cooler
- ITCZ= Intertropical convergence zone
o Fluctuates on one side there's high pressure as well on the other side
High Pressure High Pressure
1. Low Pressure
2. Start at S degrees
3. West
Low Pressure
- Hurricanes= west indies
- Typhon= China
- Willy willy=Australia
- Cyclones= India
Oceans
- 3/4 water makes up earth
- Tides
o In CA tide changes every 45 minutes
o Large difference in high and low tide
o Caused by the moon (gravity)
Oceans being pulled toward the moon
Highest tides are when moon and sun line up
Water following moon
- Beaches (How they are made?)
o Sediment comes from rivers
o Sediment from wave action
o Blown to sea
o Biological beaches= made from biogenic sources from live animals and plants
White sand beaches made from CaCO3 in this case it comes from animal/plants
- Warm water Current
o Low levels of phytoplankton=water blue
o Gulf stream= warm water from lower N. America
- Cold water Current
o California Current
Cold currents
Quick Notes Page 3
, o Cold currents
o Most productive ecosystems there and water is green due to phytoplankton
- Absorb heat
- Saltwater= salt comes from land and rocks
o 3.5% of salt in water
Quick Notes Page 4
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